1910 in science

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The year 1910 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Contents 1 Astronomy 2 Chemistry 3 Mathematics 4 Physics 5 Physiology and medicine 6 Technology 7 Awards 8 Births 9 Deaths 10 References

Astronomy

• The earth passes through the tail of Comet Halley.

Chemistry

• Albert Einstein and Marian Smoluchowski find the Einstein-Smoluchowski formula for the attenuation coefficient due to density fluctuations in a gas.
• Umetaro Suzuki isolates the first vitamin complex, aberic acid.^[1]
• Hoechst AG market Arsphenamine under the trade name Salvarsan, the first organic antisyphilitic, its properties having been discovered the previous fall by bacteriologist Sahachiro Hata during systematic testing in the laboratory of Paul Ehrlich; it rapidly becomes the world's most widely prescribed drug.^[2]

Mathematics

• Publication of the 1st volume of Principia Mathematica by Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell, one of the most important and seminal works in mathematical logic and philosophy.
• First known use of the term "Econometrics" (in cognate form), by Paweł Ciompa.^[3]

Physics

• German physicist Theodor Wulf climbs the Eiffel Tower with an electrometer and discovers the first evidence of cosmic rays.
• Hans Reissner and Gunnar Nordström define the Reissner-Nordström singularity; Hermann Weyl solves the special case for a point-body source.

Physiology and medicine

• July 15 - Publication of the eighth edition of Emil Kraepelin's Psychiatrie: Ein Lehrbuch für Studierende und Arzte, naming Alzheimer's disease as a variety of dementia.^[4]
• Thomas Hunt Morgan discovers that genes are located on chromosomes.
• Chicago cardiologist James B. Herrick makes the first published identification of sickle cells in the blood of a patient suffering from anemia.^[5]
• Peyton Rous demonstrates that a malignant tumor can be transmitted by a virus (now known as the Rous sarcoma virus, a retrovirus).^[6][7]
• Hans Christian Jacobaeus of Sweden performs the first thoracoscopic diagnosis with a cystoscope.^[8][9]

Technology

• The first live musical radio program: Lee De Forest broadcasts a live performance of Enrico Caruso from the Metropolitan Opera.
• Henri Fabre becomes the first person to fly a seaplane after taking off from a water runway near Martigues, France.
• December 3–18 - Georges Claude demonstrates the first modern neon light at the Paris Motor Show.

Awards

• Nobel Prizes
  • Physics - Johannes Diderik van der Waals
  • Chemistry - Otto Wallach
  • Medicine - Albrecht Kossel

Births

• January 20 - Friederike Victoria Gessner, later Joy Adamson (d. 1980), wildlife conservationist.
• February 9 - Jacques Monod (d. 1976), biochemist, winner of Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1965.
• February 13 - William Bradford Shockley (d. 1989), physicist.
• March 11 - Robert Havemann (d. 1982), chemist.
• May 12 - Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (d. 1994), chemist.
• July 16 - David Lack (d. 1973), ornithologist.
• December 24 - William Hayward Pickering (d. 2004), head of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Deaths

• May 10 - Stanislao Cannizzaro (b. 1826), Italian chemist.
• May 12 - William Huggins (b. 1824), English astronomer.
• May 27 - Robert Koch (b. 1843), German bacteriologist.
• July 4 - Giovanni Schiaparelli (b. 1835), Italian astronomer.
• August 12 - Florence Nightingale (b. 1820), English nurse.

References